{"id":531011,"date":"2026-03-06T15:07:02","date_gmt":"2026-03-06T08:07:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/?p=531011"},"modified":"2026-03-06T15:07:03","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T08:07:03","slug":"dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/","title":{"rendered":"Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-531012\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Sema stones in Dvaravati art of Northeastern Thailand<br>Photo Credit: Thai Culture to the World<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This in-depth article re-examines the purpose and evolution of \u201csema stones\u201d (Buddhist boundary markers) during the Dvaravati period (6th\u201311th century CE) in Thailand and Laos. Stephen A. Murphy draws on archaeology, epigraphy, textual tradition, and contemporary usage to challenge the assumption that sema stones were solely used to mark ordination halls. Instead, he reveals a more complex history in which sema stones served a variety of religious, political, and social functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Thailand Foundation invites you to explore this enlightening study as a reflection of how Thai religious heritage continues to evolve while retaining deep historical roots. The changing functions of sema stones mirror Thai values of adaptability. From ancient boundary markers to modern ritual objects and even village signposts, sema remind us that sacred meaning is not fixed but is continually reshaped by the communities who uphold it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1du7ztG-PK8u3wDX8ct3x2BMbJRJSQQNE\/view?usp=sharing\">\u0e2d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21 (PDF)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Author: Stephen A. Murphy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article was published in the Rian Thai International Journal of Thai Studies and is being shared by the Thailand Foundation with permission from the Thai Studies Center, Chulalongkorn University, all rights reserved to the owner of the material.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sema stones in Dvaravati art of Northeastern ThailandPhoto Credit: Thai Culture to the World This in-depth article re-examines the purpose and evolution of \u201csema stones\u201d (Buddhist boundary markers) during the Dvaravati period (6th\u201311th century CE) in Thailand and Laos. Stephen A. Murphy draws on archaeology, epigraphy, textual tradition, and contemporary usage to challenge the assumption [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":531012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[309,310,162,2,22,26],"tags":[538,278,536,539,537,380,393,378,379,419],"class_list":["post-531011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-architecture","category-articles-architecture","category-articles-thai-art","category-artistry-and-craftsmanship","category-culture-and-heritage","category-thai-art","tag-archaeology","tag-articles","tag-dvaravati","tag-epigraphy","tag-sema-stones","tag-thailand","tag-thailand-foundation","tag-thailandfoundation","tag-thainess","tag-419"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use - Thailand Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"th_TH\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use - Thailand Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sema stones in Dvaravati art of Northeastern ThailandPhoto Credit: Thai Culture to the World This in-depth article re-examines the purpose and evolution of \u201csema stones\u201d (Buddhist boundary markers) during the Dvaravati period (6th\u201311th century CE) in Thailand and Laos. Stephen A. Murphy draws on archaeology, epigraphy, textual tradition, and contemporary usage to challenge the assumption [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thailand Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/thailandfoundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-03-06T08:07:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-06T08:07:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"administrator\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@foundationthai\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@foundationthai\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"administrator\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 \u0e19\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"administrator\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed1d43278f0e6246c5365e3ae2908eb0\"},\"headline\":\"Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-06T08:07:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-06T08:07:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":216,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Untitled-design-8.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Archaeology\",\"Articles\",\"Dvaravati\",\"Epigraphy\",\"Sema Stones\",\"Thailand\",\"Thailand Foundation\",\"ThailandFoundation\",\"Thainess\",\"\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e19\u0e34\u0e18\u0e34\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Architecture\",\"Articles\",\"Articles\",\"Artistry &amp; Craftsmanship\",\"Culture &amp; Heritage\",\"Thai Art\"],\"inLanguage\":\"th\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/\",\"name\":\"Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use - Thailand Foundation\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Untitled-design-8.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-06T08:07:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-06T08:07:03+00:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"th\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"th\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Untitled-design-8.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/Untitled-design-8.jpg\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1080},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/\",\"name\":\"Thailand Foundation\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"th\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Thailand Foundation\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"th\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/Logo_EN_NonBg_01.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/03\\\/Logo_EN_NonBg_01.png\",\"width\":680,\"height\":530,\"caption\":\"Thailand Foundation\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/thailandfoundation\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/foundationthai\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/thailandfoundation\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tiktok.com\\\/@thailandfoundation\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/channel\\\/UC68jcl0AYVQ1SF19fF9iMkg\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed1d43278f0e6246c5365e3ae2908eb0\",\"name\":\"administrator\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"th\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f52c2aada3568aeb472f4e60019576fd9d8520f06336524d2ef018e25124f737?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f52c2aada3568aeb472f4e60019576fd9d8520f06336524d2ef018e25124f737?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f52c2aada3568aeb472f4e60019576fd9d8520f06336524d2ef018e25124f737?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"administrator\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/th\\\/author\\\/administrator\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use - Thailand Foundation","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/","og_locale":"th_TH","og_type":"article","og_title":"Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use - Thailand Foundation","og_description":"Sema stones in Dvaravati art of Northeastern ThailandPhoto Credit: Thai Culture to the World This in-depth article re-examines the purpose and evolution of \u201csema stones\u201d (Buddhist boundary markers) during the Dvaravati period (6th\u201311th century CE) in Thailand and Laos. Stephen A. Murphy draws on archaeology, epigraphy, textual tradition, and contemporary usage to challenge the assumption [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/","og_site_name":"Thailand Foundation","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/thailandfoundation","article_published_time":"2026-03-06T08:07:02+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-03-06T08:07:03+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":1080,"url":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"administrator","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@foundationthai","twitter_site":"@foundationthai","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"administrator","Est. reading time":"1 \u0e19\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/"},"author":{"name":"administrator","@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#\/schema\/person\/ed1d43278f0e6246c5365e3ae2908eb0"},"headline":"Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use","datePublished":"2026-03-06T08:07:02+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-06T08:07:03+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/"},"wordCount":216,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8.jpg","keywords":["Archaeology","Articles","Dvaravati","Epigraphy","Sema Stones","Thailand","Thailand Foundation","ThailandFoundation","Thainess","\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e19\u0e34\u0e18\u0e34\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22"],"articleSection":["Architecture","Articles","Articles","Artistry &amp; Craftsmanship","Culture &amp; Heritage","Thai Art"],"inLanguage":"th"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/","url":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/","name":"Dvaravati Period Sema Stones: Shifting Meanings and Definitions in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Texts, and Religious Re-use - Thailand Foundation","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8.jpg","datePublished":"2026-03-06T08:07:02+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-06T08:07:03+00:00","inLanguage":"th","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"th","@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/dvaravati-period-sema-stones-shifting-meanings-and-definitions-in-archaeology-epigraphy-texts-and-religious-re-use\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Untitled-design-8.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#website","url":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/","name":"\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e19\u0e34\u0e18\u0e34\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"th"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#organization","name":"\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e19\u0e34\u0e18\u0e34\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22","url":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"th","@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Logo_EN_NonBg_01.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Logo_EN_NonBg_01.png","width":680,"height":530,"caption":"Thailand Foundation"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/thailandfoundation","https:\/\/x.com\/foundationthai","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/thailandfoundation","https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@thailandfoundation","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC68jcl0AYVQ1SF19fF9iMkg"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/#\/schema\/person\/ed1d43278f0e6246c5365e3ae2908eb0","name":"administrator","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"th","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f52c2aada3568aeb472f4e60019576fd9d8520f06336524d2ef018e25124f737?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f52c2aada3568aeb472f4e60019576fd9d8520f06336524d2ef018e25124f737?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f52c2aada3568aeb472f4e60019576fd9d8520f06336524d2ef018e25124f737?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"administrator"},"url":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/author\/administrator\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/531011","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=531011"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/531011\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":531013,"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/531011\/revisions\/531013"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/531012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=531011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=531011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=531011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}