{"id":530205,"date":"2026-01-15T14:46:44","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T07:46:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/?p=530205"},"modified":"2026-01-23T15:37:16","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T08:37:16","slug":"art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\/","title":{"rendered":"Art as a &#8220;System of Action&#8221;: Buddha Images in the &#8220;Golden Age&#8221; of Lan Na, c.1355-1525 CE (1898-2068 BE)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-8-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-530208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-8-2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-8-2-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-8-2-150x105.jpg 150w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-8-2-768x538.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-8-2-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>(Left) The Emerald Buddha being transported on an elephant from Chiang Rai to Chiang Mai (Mural painting at Wat Hong Rattanaram (\u0e27\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e31\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e23\u0e32\u0e21)). (Right) King Anuruddha requesting the Emerald Buddha from the King of Lanka (Mural painting at Wat Hong Rattanaram (\u0e27\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e31\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e23\u0e32\u0e21)).<\/em><br><strong>Cr. Silpa Wattanatham<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Angela Chiu offers a compelling reinterpretation of Buddha images during the \u201cGolden Age\u201d of Lan Na (c. 1355-1525 CE), moving beyond traditional views of these statues as mere iconographic representations or political symbols. By applying Alfred Gell\u2019s anthropological theory of art as a \u201csystem of action,\u201d the article analyzes the chronicles (tamnan,\u0e15\u0e33\u0e19\u0e32\u0e19) of travelling images such as the famous Emerald Buddha (\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e41\u0e01\u0e49\u0e27\u0e21\u0e23\u0e01\u0e15) and Phra Sihing (\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e30\u0e1e\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e2a\u0e34\u0e2b\u0e34\u0e07\u0e04\u0e4c). Chiu argues that these revered statues derive their power not just from aesthetics, but from their active role in a social network, embodying the lineages, wishes, and agency of the kings, monks, and communities that cared for them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Thailand Foundation invites you to engage with this insightful look into the sociology of Thai religious art. This perspective reveals how Thai Buddhist culture values the interconnectedness of people and objects, viewing sacred images not as static artifacts, but as living participants in history that carry the collective aspirations and merit of their devotees. It reminds us that Thai heritage is sustained through active relationships and the enduring power of shared faith.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1p-mTim-0D1KqNaJFBUf_mNuWqTWqi3Jl\/view?usp=sharing\">\u0e2d\u0e48\u0e32\u0e19\u0e1a\u0e17\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e15\u0e47\u0e21 (PDF)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Author: Angela Chiu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article was published in the Rian Thai International Journal of Thai Studies and is being shared by the Thailand Foundation with permission from the Thai Studies Center, Chulalongkorn University, all rights reserved to the owner of the material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Left) The Emerald Buddha being transported on an elephant from Chiang Rai to Chiang Mai (Mural painting at Wat Hong Rattanaram (\u0e27\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e31\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e23\u0e32\u0e21)). (Right) King Anuruddha requesting the Emerald Buddha from the King of Lanka (Mural painting at Wat Hong Rattanaram (\u0e27\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e31\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e23\u0e32\u0e21)).Cr. Silpa Wattanatham Angela Chiu offers a compelling reinterpretation of Buddha images during the \u201cGolden [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":530206,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[140,162,22,8,440,26],"tags":[278],"class_list":["post-530205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article-literature-folklore","category-articles-thai-art","category-culture-and-heritage","category-literature-folklore","category-rian-thai-journal","category-thai-art","tag-articles"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Art as a &quot;System of Action&quot;: Buddha Images in the &quot;Golden Age&quot; of Lan Na, c.1355-1525 CE (1898-2068 BE) - Thailand Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"th_TH\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Art as a &quot;System of Action&quot;: Buddha Images in the &quot;Golden Age&quot; of Lan Na, c.1355-1525 CE (1898-2068 BE) - Thailand Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Left) The Emerald Buddha being transported on an elephant from Chiang Rai to Chiang Mai (Mural painting at Wat Hong Rattanaram (\u0e27\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e31\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e23\u0e32\u0e21)). (Right) King Anuruddha requesting the Emerald Buddha from the King of Lanka (Mural painting at Wat Hong Rattanaram (\u0e27\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e31\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e23\u0e32\u0e21)).Cr. Silpa Wattanatham Angela Chiu offers a compelling reinterpretation of Buddha images during the \u201cGolden [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thailand Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/thailandfoundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-01-15T07:46:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-23T08:37:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1-8.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"administrator\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@foundationthai\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@foundationthai\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"administrator\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 \u0e19\u0e32\u0e17\u0e35\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"administrator\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed1d43278f0e6246c5365e3ae2908eb0\"},\"headline\":\"Art as a &#8220;System of Action&#8221;: Buddha Images in the &#8220;Golden Age&#8221; of Lan Na, c.1355-1525 CE (1898-2068 BE)\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-15T07:46:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-23T08:37:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":284,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/1-8.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Articles\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Article\",\"Articles\",\"Culture &amp; Heritage\",\"Literature &amp; Folklore\",\"Rian Thai Journal\",\"Thai Art\"],\"inLanguage\":\"th\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thailandfoundation.or.th\\\/art-as-a-system-of-action-buddha-images-in-the-golden-age-of-lan-na-c-1355-1525-ce-1898-2068-be\\\/\",\"name\":\"Art as a \\\"System of Action\\\": Buddha Images in the \\\"Golden Age\\\" of Lan Na, c.1355-1525 CE (1898-2068 BE) - 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(Right) King Anuruddha requesting the Emerald Buddha from the King of Lanka (Mural painting at Wat Hong Rattanaram (\u0e27\u0e31\u0e14\u0e2b\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e4c\u0e23\u0e31\u0e15\u0e19\u0e32\u0e23\u0e32\u0e21)).Cr. 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