{"id":529360,"date":"2025-09-10T13:17:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T06:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/?p=529360"},"modified":"2025-09-24T17:06:25","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T10:06:25","slug":"understanding-thai-traditions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/understanding-thai-traditions\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding Thai Traditions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e0d<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/understanding-thai-traditions\/#Key_Characteristics_of_Thai_Traditions\" >Key Characteristics of Thai Traditions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/understanding-thai-traditions\/#Examples_of_Thai_Traditions\" >Examples of Thai Traditions<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/understanding-thai-traditions\/#Wai_%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89\" >Wai (\u0e44\u0e2b\u0e27\u0e49)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/understanding-thai-traditions\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/understanding-thai-traditions\/#Sources\" >Sources :<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>Thailand is a country rich in cultural traditions that continue to play an important role in everyday life. These traditions are not confined to festivals or ceremonies but are also woven into daily interactions, from the way people greet each other to the way they show respect and kindness in public and private spaces. Rooted in Buddhist teachings, communal values, and a deep respect for nature and seniority, Thai traditions reflect a way of life that prioritizes social harmony, mindfulness, and empathy.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"458\" height=\"572\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image.png 458w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-120x150.png 120w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-10x12.png 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>In this article, the Thailand Foundation explores some of the most distinctive elements of Thai tradition. By examining the values of respect, compassion, and openness that underpin these customs, we hope to offer insight into how Thai people relate to one another, their communities, and the world around them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Characteristics_of_Thai_Traditions\"><\/span><strong>Key Characteristics of Thai Traditions<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Thai traditions are rich and varied, but one way you can understand them is through three key values that lie at their heart: <strong>respect<\/strong>, <strong>compassion<\/strong>, and <strong>openness<\/strong>. These values actively practiced and reinforced through language, gesture, ritual, and social conduct. Together, they help maintain a sense of harmony within Thai society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Respect<\/strong> is central to nearly every aspect of Thai tradition. Whether shown toward elders, teachers, monks, or even spiritual beings, respect reinforces social order and reminds individuals of their roles and responsibilities within the community. This sense of reverence extends beyond people to include sacred spaces, symbolic objects, and even parts of the body, such as the head and feet. <strong>Compassion<\/strong>, another core value, reflects the influence of Buddhism in Thai society. It encourages kindness, generosity, and empathy in both action and thought. Finally, <strong>openness<\/strong> characterizes the Thai approach to cultural exchange. Throughout history, Thailand has welcomed and adapted external influences, whether religious, artistic, or linguistic, blending them into a uniquely Thai identity without losing the sense of social cohesion.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"388\" height=\"484\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-6.png 388w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-6-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-6-120x150.png 120w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-6-10x12.png 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Key Characteristics of Thai Traditions<br>Photo Credit : <a href=\"http:\/\/stock.adobe.com\">stock.adobe.com<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/chpkhos.org\">chpkhos.org<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/thumbsup.in.th\">thumbsup.in.th<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Examples_of_Thai_Traditions\"><\/span><strong>Examples of Thai Traditions<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wai_%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89\"><\/span>Wai (\u0e44\u0e2b\u0e27\u0e49)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the most recognizable gestures in Thailand is the <strong>wai<\/strong>: a graceful act of pressing the palms together and slightly bowing the head. While often used to say hello, goodbye, or thank you, the wai goes far beyond a mere greeting. It represents an attitude of humility and respect, and its use reflects the status and relationship between the people involved. This attitude is central to formal rituals such as wai khru, a ceremony held to pay respect to teachers, or wai khru ram muay, performed by Muay Thai fighters before a match as a gesture of gratitude and spiritual protection.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"342\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529561\" style=\"width:326px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-5.png 342w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-5-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-5-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-5-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 342px) 100vw, 342px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wai<br><em>Photo Credit : <a href=\"http:\/\/senate.go.th\">senate.go.th<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"442\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529509\" style=\"width:322px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-2.png 442w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-2-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-2-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-2-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wai khru ram muay<br>Photo Credit : <a href=\"http:\/\/thaimall.co\">thaimall.co<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Another cornerstone of Thai tradition is <strong>tham boon <\/strong>(\u0e17\u0e33\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e0d), or merit-making. This practice is deeply rooted in Buddhism and involves actions such as giving alms to monks, making offerings at temples, releasing animals, or participating in community service. Through tham boon, people accumulate spiritual merit and cultivate inner peace and goodwill. Related to this, the everyday use of polite particles like <strong>krub<\/strong> (\u0e04\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a) for men and <strong>kha<\/strong> (\u0e04\u0e48\u0e30) for women is another way Thais express respect and maintain social harmony in conversation.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"441\" height=\"308\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529510\" style=\"width:327px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-3.png 441w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-3-300x210.png 300w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-3-150x105.png 150w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-3-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Merit-making<em> <\/em><br>Photo Credit : <a href=\"http:\/\/royalparkrajapruek.org\">royalparkrajapruek.org<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Thai culture also places great emphasis on <strong>social taboos<\/strong> that reinforce respect. For example, the <strong>head<\/strong> is considered the most sacred part of the body, while the <strong>feet<\/strong> are the lowest. Touching someone\u2019s head or pointing one\u2019s feet toward people or sacred objects is seen as highly disrespectful. These unspoken codes of conduct highlight how even bodily awareness is linked to cultural values.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thai-Rich-Heritage-819x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529564\" style=\"width:486px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thai-Rich-Heritage-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thai-Rich-Heritage-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thai-Rich-Heritage-120x150.jpg 120w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thai-Rich-Heritage-768x960.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thai-Rich-Heritage-10x12.jpg 10w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Thai-Rich-Heritage.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Social Taboos about head and feet in Thailand<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Thai traditions offer more than a window into the past. They are living expressions of the values that continue to shape Thai society today. From the subtle gesture of the wai to the deeply spiritual act of merit-making, these customs reflect a culture built on respect, compassion, and openness. They serve as quiet yet powerful reminders of the importance of social harmony, mindfulness, and the interconnectedness of individuals within a community.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"416\" height=\"277\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529566\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-8.png 416w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-8-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-8-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-8-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 416px) 100vw, 416px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wai<br>Photo Credit : <a href=\"http:\/\/pangpond.com\">pangpond.com<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"441\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529567\" style=\"width:417px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-9.png 441w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-9-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-9-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-9-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Merit-making<em> <\/em><br>Photo Credit : <a href=\"http:\/\/royalparkrajapruek.org\">royalparkrajapruek.org<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"436\" height=\"298\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-529568\" style=\"width:416px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-10.png 436w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-10-300x205.png 300w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-10-150x103.png 150w, https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-10-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Social harmony in Thai society<br>Photo Credit : <a href=\"http:\/\/traveltradejournal.com\">traveltradejournal.com<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>As Thailand continues to evolve in the modern world, these traditions remain deeply rooted in daily life, adapting while preserving their core essence. Join us as we continue to explore more stories from across Thailand and discover the rich diversity that shapes the enduring spirit of Thainess.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The story of Thai traditions is a vital aspect of Thai culture and heritage. It reflects the values of respect, compassion, and openness that guide daily life and foster social harmony. Join us as we continue to explore more stories from across Thailand and discover the rich diversity that shapes Thainess.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sources\"><\/span><strong>Sources<\/strong> :<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Wai&nbsp;<br><a href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wai-the-thai-greeting\/\">https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/wai-the-thai-greeting\/<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tham Boon<br><a href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/buddhism_meditatio\/merit-making-in-buddhism-its-benefits-to-individuals-and-society-from-buddhist-beliefs-to-scientific-evidences\/\">https:\/\/www.thailandfoundation.or.th\/buddhism_meditatio\/merit-making-in-buddhism-its-benefits-to-individuals-and-society-from-buddhist-beliefs-to-scientific-evidences\/<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Khrub Kha<br><a href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/culture_heritage\/how-to-use-krub-and-kha-in-the-thai-language\/\">https:\/\/www.thailandfoundation.or.th\/culture_heritage\/how-to-use-krub-and-kha-in-the-thai-language\/<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Head and Feet<br><a href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/feet-low-head-high-a-guide-to-thai-etiquettes\/\">https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/feet-low-head-high-a-guide-to-thai-etiquettes\/<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Avatar-m.png\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:128px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Author: <strong><strong>Tayud Mongkolrat<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>This article is written with the help of AI.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Uploaded on <strong>September 10, 2025<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thailand is a country rich in cultural traditions that continue to play an important role in everyday life. These traditions are not confined to festivals or ceremonies but are also woven into daily interactions, from the way people greet each other to the way they show respect and kindness in public and private spaces. Rooted [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":529562,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[314,22,313,74],"tags":[355,354,353,351,352],"class_list":["post-529360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-lifestyle","category-culture-and-heritage","category-lifestyle","category-traditions","tag-kha","tag-krub","tag-merit-making","tag-thai-tradition","tag-wai"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Understanding Thai Traditions - Thailand Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thailandfoundation.or.th\/th\/understanding-thai-traditions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"th_TH\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Understanding Thai Traditions - Thailand Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Thailand is a country rich in cultural traditions that continue to play an important role in everyday life. 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